In 1937 this area near Kiev, has been allocated for the object of special purpose of the NKVD, used as the mass graves for executed and tortured in 1937 - 1941. Political prisoners were brought to Bykivnia by NKVD even after the beginning of World War II, just before the occupation of Kiev by the Nazis forces. During the German occupation authorities dug up these graves to the review of the public in order to expose crimes of the Bolshevik regime. However, after the conclusion of the war the Soviet authorities classify all the information again. 
In the post-war period four state commissions has officially investigated the Bykivnia events. The first three - 1945, 1971, 1988. announced that in Bykivnia are buried victims of fascism, while the last one have found and destroyed many original documents. Only a fourth commission - in 1989 - announced that Bykivnia buried victims of Stalinist repression. 
Throughout 2000 - 2004 it was found that the Bykivnia disposal is the largest in Ukraine burial of victims of political repression (more than Babi Yar). According to researchers, in Bykivnia are buried about 100 - 120 thousand of the repressed, but, according to the SBU, the available information on the repression is not complete and final and are in need of careful study of a large quantity of materials and in-depth scientific research.

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